Author: Redazione

The Missionaries of Charity of Mother Teresa of Calcutta

The Missionaries of Charity of Mother Teresa of Calcutta

Contents1 The History of the Missionaries of Charity2 The Attire of the Missionaries of Charity3 The Missionaries of Charity Around the World The Missionaries of Charity of Mother Teresa of Calcutta live daily the legacy of love and compassion promoted by their foundress, Mother Teresa…

Saint Corbinian, the Saint Who Travelled to Rome with a Bear

Saint Corbinian, the Saint Who Travelled to Rome with a Bear

Contents1 Who Was Saint Corbinian2 The Bear of Saint Corbinian3 The Bond Between Pope Benedict XVI and Saint Corbinian Much beloved by Pope Benedict XVI, Saint Corbinian was a monk, hermit, and Bishop of Freising. At the Pope’s request, he evangelised Bavaria and even convinced…

Acutis and Frassati: the first canonisations of Pope Leo XIV

Acutis and Frassati: the first canonisations of Pope Leo XIV

Pope Leo XIV chose his first Saints. They are Carlo Acutis and Piergiorgio Frassati, two bright lives for the restless heart of the Third Millennium

In the vibrant silence of St. Peter’s Basilica, among the aisles full of songs and expectations, the names of two young men resound as promises kept. On 7 September 2025, Pope Leo XIV will consecrate his pontificate with a gesture that tastes of revolution and memory, of the future and roots: the canonisation of: Carlo Acutis, saint and beatified Piergiorgio Frassatihis “first” saints, two young souls who speak with a prophetic voice to a world in search of light.

Carlo and Pier Giorgio. Two young men. Two centuries. One Holiness, two lifestyles.
One speaks the language of the cloud, the other that of mountain trails. One evangelises with a keyboard, the other with a sandwich given to a poor person. But they both have the same burning heart, the same fixed gaze on Christ, the same scandalous joy of holiness. Carlo and Pier Giorgio are two saints for the third millennium, two models that do not inspire awe, but that attract. They don’t make you feel guilty, but they call for something bigger. The lotus message is powerful, revolutionary, as only youth can be: you can be young, in love with life, immersed in modernity… and at the same time deeply holy.

Carlo Acutis

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Carlo Acutis, the millennial saint who dedicated his short life to Jesus and helping the poor and needy, reminds …

On 7 September 2025, when Carlo Acutis and Pier Giorgio Frassati are canonised, the young people of the world will feel a little less alone.
Pope Leo XIV, with this gesture, does not canonise only two people: he canonises a vision. A Church that looks forward without forgetting, that recognises beauty in fragility, that is not satisfied with nostalgia, but seeks living faces. Saint Carlo Acutis and Saint Pier Giorgio Frassati will be the polar stars of a pontificate that aims to speak to TikTok and the Alpine peaks, students and people experiencing poverty, volunteers and coders, mystics and creatives. In a tired and disillusioned time, these canonisations are a caress and a challenge. A caress for those seeking meaning. A challenge for those who are content with the minimum.
On 7 September 2025, the Church will not only add two names to its calendar; it will also illuminate two powerful and luminous signs for humanity on the way.
Carlo and Pier Giorgio, pray for us. And most importantly, stay with us. The world needs your light.

Pier Giorgio Frassati

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From the mountain to the sky: the life and message of Pier Giorgio Frassati
From the mountains to heaven: the life and message of Pier Giorgio Frassati, the boy who loved the mountains…

A Pope for young people and the future

Some gestures are not just decisions, but visions.
Pope Leo XIV chose to begin his journey as Pope with a celebration that looks to the future, yet is rooted in the lives of two individuals who have already flourished in holiness: Carlo Acutis and Pier Giorgio Frassati. An ad that doesn’t come out of nowhere. Back in November 2024, during one of his last general audiences,  Pope Francis, with his weary but still vibrant voice, warmed the hearts of the crowd in St. Peter’s Square, revealing the future canonisation of the two young men. A long applause had broken out between Bernini’s columns, like a wave of joy rushing up to the sky. Carlo, the boy of the Net and the Rosary, would be proclaimed a saint on 27 April, on Divine Mercy Sunday, within the Jubilee of Adolescents; Pier Giorgio, the saint with muddy shoes and his heart looking upwards, would receive the halo during the Jubilee of Youth, at the end of July. But time has messed up the dates: Bergoglio’s sudden death, on 21 April, cancelled everything, leaving the dream pending, and with it thousands of hearts waiting. Then, silence had fallen on Frassati. No communiqué, no hint. As if his canonisation had vanished into the void, like certain sunsets that never become night.

Pope Francis

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Then, like a flash in the still sky, came the announcement of Pope Leo XIV. With a choice that feels more like prophecy than a program, he combined the two dates into a single, powerful liturgy on 7 September. Not to simplify, but to seal: two young saints, of different centuries and paths, proclaimed on the same day, as spiritual brothers, as sentinels of the same dawn. A decision that is not just a date in the calendar, but an act of love towards a Church that wants to be young in heart, in voice, in faith. And that finds, in Carlo and Pier Giorgio, two lighthouses lit for those who still seek God within the walls of the school, in the peripheries of the world, or the silence of a sunset in the mountains.
It is not a neutral or diplomatic choice. A declaration of intent. Pope Leo XIV, elected by surprise in a conclave marked by fears and desires, chose to start from youth, from two smiling and restless faces, from two stories burned in a hurry, but which left traces of fire. With the decision to unify the canonisations foreseen by Pope Francis in a single celebration, Leo XIV wanted to send a strong signal: holiness is not a museum of relics, but a living current that transcends generations, a call that resonates today in university classrooms and among the servers of the network. Now to the questions “When will there be the canonisation of Carlo Acutis?” and “When will Pier Giorgio Frassati be canonised?” we have only one answer: 7 September 2025, the feast of youth and sanctity incarnate, in the embrace of a single liturgy.

Leone XIV

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Carlo Acutis: The Saint of the Net and the Eucharist

He was only 15 years old when a fulminant leukaemia ripped his life. But Carlo Acutis, born in London and raised in Milan, had already charted his way to heaven, leaving behind not just pain, but a trail of grace. But what did Carlo Acutis do to become a saint? He loved. With intensity. With simplicity. With creativity.
He made the Eucharist the centre of his existence, “my highway to heaven,” he said, and information technology is his pulpit. He created an exhibition on Eucharistic miracles that has toured the world, touching hearts, even those distant from faith. He did not preach: he narrated, with the codes and images of his time. The miracles of Carlo Acutis are not only those officially recognised (such as the healing of little Matheus in Brazil): they are also those that are silent, daily, invisible. How many teenagers have approached the sacraments thanks to him? How many conversions were born from a video, a photo, or a phrase? But above all, Carlo showed that holiness is possible for anyone: that you can attend school, love video games, have friends, and volunteer… and in the meantime, walk towards Heaven in giant steps. Today, he rests in Assisi, in the Sanctuary of the Renunciation. And from there, he continues to speak with sweetness and strength to the young people of our time.

Carlo Acutis statue in painted resin 30 cm
Statue Carlo Acutis with Rosary painted resin 30 cm Buy on Holyart
Carlo Acutis 35x40 cm APE Social Wear Shopper Bag Buy on Holyart
Carlo Acutis fabric cross 14x10 cm
Carlo Acutis fabric cross 14x10 cm Buy on Holyart
Wooden rosary with Carlo Acutis medal
Wooden rosary with Carlo Acutis medal Buy on Holyart

Pier Giorgio Frassati: The Saint who came down from the peaks to serve

One hundred years before Carlo, another young man died too soon. He was Pier Giorgio Frassati, from Turin, son of senators, engineering student, mountain enthusiast, but above all, a tireless lover of the poor. For decades, since he was declared beatified in 1990, the question has been bouncing incessantly in the Vatican halls and in the memory of those who have made him a model for life and faith: “When will Pier Giorgio Frassati become a saint?”
Now we have an answer written in solemn letters: on 7 September 2025, together with Carlo.

Pier Giorgio Frassati will be a saint because he has made charity his extreme sport. He came down from the peaks to bring medicine, clothes, and comfort. He entered the slums, the alleys, the hospital wards. Without clamour. Without rhetoric. He was a cheerful young man, full of life, a friend of the last. Enrolled in Catholic Action, a Vincentian Dominican tertiary. He prayed, he walked, he laughed. He wrote passionate letters, was moved by an icon, and took strong positions against fascism and injustice.
He died in 1925, at the age of 24, of fulminant polio contracted during one of his visits to the sick.
It was John Paul II who beatified him in 1990, calling him “the man of the beatitudes”. And finally, he will be proclaimed a saint by a Church that needs everyday prophets, revolutionaries of kindness. When Pier Giorgio Frassati is canonised, it will no longer be a question. It’s going to be a day of celebration.

Blessed Pier Giorgio Frassati statue 20 cm in hand-painted resin
Hand-painted Pier Giorgio Frassati resin statue, 20 cm Buy on Holyart
Stole Pier Giorgio Frassati
Stole Pier Giorgio Frassati Cotton Blend Buy on Holyart
Tapestry Pier Giorgio Frassati, 45x30 cm Buy on Holyart

 

The rules for granting indulgences during the 2025 Jubilee

The rules for granting indulgences during the 2025 Jubilee

Contents1 The Apostolic Penitentiary2 When a plenary indulgence is given3 Works of mercy and penance4 Penitence on Friday5 Abstinence from real and virtual distractions6 Voluntary service The Apostolic Penitentiary has published the Norms for obtaining indulgences during the 2025 Jubilee. Pilgrimages, penance, works of charity,…

Wooden relief maps of the city of Rome and the Vatican: a reminder of the 2025 Jubilee

Wooden relief maps of the city of Rome and the Vatican: a reminder of the 2025 Jubilee

Contents1 Maps of Rome and the Vatican for the Jubilee2 The technique of laser engraving on wood3 Ideal wood for laser engraving On the occasion of the 2025 Jubilee, give or treat yourself to one of the beautiful relief maps of Rome or the Vatican.…

The Perpetua Pencil, the official 2025 Jubilee gadget

The Perpetua Pencil, the official 2025 Jubilee gadget

The Perpetua pencil is made with Zantech, composed of 80% recycled graphite. Innovative and sustainable, you can find it on Holyart in a special edition for the 2025 Jubilee

A pencil that writes forever and never wears out? It seems a subject worthy of a story, or a story of magic. And being close to Christmas, a little magic doesn’t hurt. But, in this case, we are not telling you any fairy tales. The Perpetua pencil, created by Alisea, represents an innovation in the world of writing. This pencil is made of 80% recycled graphite, which makes it a unique product. It is defined as the pencil that never ends because, unlike traditional pencils, it is not consumed conventionally. In addition, thanks to its innovative design, the Perpetua pencil can write even without a tip and does not break if it falls.

The pencil that is not consumed has been produced and patented by Alisea, a company from Vicenza that operates stores throughout Italy and also serves as a contemporary art gallery. Since 1994, Alisea has stood out for creating innovative objects designed for corporate communication, and has built its identity exclusively around the concept of reusing and recycling materials. This has made it a unique reference point in our country. Often, the recycled materials used for its production are supplied by the same customer companies, which are happy to deliver objects that are no longer needed to the capable hands of Alisea’s designers and craftsmen, and that will be returned to them in the form of unique design products. Every object produced is the result of a creative process that gives life to something new, valuable and sustainable.
All Alisea products are created in full compliance with the circular economy, thanks to ethical supply chains 100% made in Italy. The company’s commitment extends not only to sustainable production but also to promoting a new conscious design model, where every waste is transformed into a resource and every creation tells a story of sustainability and innovation.perpetua pencil official jubilee gadget

The pencil that does not wear out

The Perpetua pure graphite pencil is a durable and environmentally friendly product, composed mainly of recycled graphite from the waste of electrode processing for the EDM process, resulting in a patented and certified material known as Zantech. This approach not only reduces waste but also contributes to a circular economy, transforming materials destined for landfill into functional design objects. Its production not only reduces waste, as the dust discarded during electrode processing must be disposed of, but also offers a sustainable alternative to traditional pencils, which, having graphite covered by wood, require the felling of trees. Perpetua writes for over 1120 km and does not soil hands during use, because it is made without protective paints or glues. It writes even if snapped in half and even without a tip. It really is a pencil that never ends! The flat side prevents it from rolling, and in any case, if it falls, it does not break, because it is not fragile like regular pencils. In addition, the Zantech writes well not only on paper, but can also be used safely on smartphone and tablet screens. The feeding rubber that Perpetua surmounts, available in different shades, is also integrated without the need for glue or other elements.

100% Made in Italy design

The Perpetua pencil is entirely designed and produced in Italy. The pencil features an ergonomic design with a unique body that resists breaking, unlike traditional pencils that contain the lead inside. This innovative approach not only enhances the durability of the product but also facilitates its everyday use. Perpetua was first presented to the public in June 2013 at the Paris-Le Bourget International Air and Space Show. For Perpetua’s innovative design, designer Marta Giardini, the creative mind behind the pencil project, received a prestigious Honourable Mention during the twenty-fourth edition of the Compasso d’Oro award, the most prestigious recognition in the field of industrial design in Italy and one of the oldest in the world. Established in 1954 in Milan, the award aims to enhance the quality and innovation of Italian design products. Managed by the Association for Industrial Design (ADI), the Compasso d’Oro has awarded over 350 projects over the years, establishing itself as a reference point for designers and companies.perpetua pencil made in italy

The perpetual pencil of the Jubilee exclusively on Holyart

On the occasion of the 2025 Jubilee, Alisea launched a special edition of the Perpetua pencil. This edition is dedicated to pilgrims of hope, protagonists of the Holy Year logo. The pencil will be available exclusively on our store, and we at Holyart are proud to contribute to making known what cannot be considered a simple gadget, but a piece of Italian design that, in addition to celebrating the Jubilee, enhances both the art of writing and respect for the environment. Additionally, the production of the Perpetua pencil involves the Agape Social Cooperative, which provides job opportunities for people with disabilities. This social aspect makes the pencil not only an ecological product but also a symbol of inclusion and solidarity.

In the Holyart store, you can find the Perpetua pencils in a special edition Jubilee 2025, available in six colours: white, orange, blue, yellow, red, and green.

A precious and original gift, which cannot be missing in the pilgrim’s backpack, in view of the Holy Year.

perpetua the pencil with official jubilee 2025 logo white eraser
Perpetual pencil official Jubilee 2025 white graphite eraser
Buy on Holyart
perpetua the pencil official jubilee 2025 memento orange eraser
Perpetual pencil official Jubilee 2025 orange graphite eraser
Buy on Holyart
perpetua the pencil with official jubilee 2025 logo blue eraser
Perpetual pencil official Jubilee 2025 blue graphite eraser
Buy on Holyart
perpetua the pencil of jubilee 2025 with logo and yellow eraser
Perpetual pencil official Jubilee 2025 yellow graphite eraser
Buy on Holyart
perpetua the pencil with official jubilee 2025 logo red eraser
Perpetual pencil official Jubilee 2025 red graphite eraser
Buy on Holyart
perpetua the pencil official jubilee 2025 logo green eraser
Perpetual pencil official Jubilee 2025 green graphite eraser
Buy on Holyart
Jubilee Proclamation Bull 2025: here’s what it’s about!

Jubilee Proclamation Bull 2025: here’s what it’s about!

Contents1 The times of the Jubilee2 Hope does not disappoint3 Justified by faith and at peace with God4 The importance of the Holy Spirit5 Patience and a return to Nature6 The Jubilee as a Christian journey: the importance of pilgrimage7 Signs of Hope8 The Pope’s…

From the mountain to the sky: the life and message of Pier Giorgio Frassati

From the mountain to the sky: the life and message of Pier Giorgio Frassati

Contents1 The life of Pier Giorgio Frassati2 What miracles Pier Giorgio Frassati did3 When Pier Giorgio Frassati will be canonised From the mountains to heaven: the life and message of Pier Giorgio Frassati, the boy who loved the mountains and God, an example of charity…

What is the most frequently used name by popes?

What is the most frequently used name by popes?

What is the most frequently used name by popes? A journey through the millennial secrets of sacred names

There is a question that creeps slightly through the cracks of history, like a ray of sunshine filtered through a Gothic stained glass window: What is the most frequently used name by popes?
It’s not just an encyclopaedia curiosity. It is a key, a magic word capable of opening the secret portals of a long night of vigil.
When we whisper the names of the popes, we evoke a silent army of men who have stood at the threshold between the divine and the earthly, guardians of a mystery as ancient as the human desire for salvation. Each name is a star hanging from the firmament of memory, each succession of popes a constellation of intertwined destinies.
Scrolling through the list of popes does not mean counting, but listening to the beat of a heart that has never stopped: that of the Church, in its long dream of stone and light.
And precisely in this dream, among Latin voices and profiles carved in wax, we discover that the most beloved name, the one that has crossed the centuries as a litany, is John. Twenty-three times. Twenty-three chimes on the bell of history.

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The names that wrote the legend of the popes

Here is the question: “What is the most frequently used name by popes?” One prays, echoes, tells a story that never ends. Because behind every name there is a story, behind every story, the mystery, tender and fierce, of men called to make a bridge between earth and heaven. And even today, if you search among all the popes in history, if you probe the succession like a dowser, you find him: John—the most beloved name, the one that bounces from century to century like a promise never extinguished.

John

Twenty-three popes have chosen this name, and each of them seems to have collected, at the time of the election, an invisible witness passed from hand to hand over two thousand years. John is the name that resonates as a promise of rebirth, mercy and hope. It is the name of the evangelist who, in the silence of the exile, wrote of light and darkness, of the Baptist who shouted in the desert and prepared the way, of the beloved apostle who witnessed the cross and the resurrection.

John the evangelist

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Choosing John was never just a gesture of humility, but an act of trust: those who carry him on their shoulders echo the questions and expectations of the whole Church. Each John had to measure himself against the weight of tradition and the challenge of change. John XXIII, the good pope, knew how to open the windows of the Vatican, letting in the wind of a new council. John Paul I merged the name with that of his predecessor, weaving a bridge between past and future, while John Paul II brought that double name to the ends of the world.
John is a name that is renewed every time it is pronounced, as a secret source from which the Church draws strength, compassion, and audacity. It is the name of the embrace, the custody, the fidelity to what never dies: the hope that history, despite everything, is still capable of wonder and mercy.

Gregory

A name that rings like a bell at dawn: sixteen popes have worn Gregory’s cloak. It carries with it the echo of St. Gregory the Great, the pope who made the Church a compass in the Dark Ages, the man who invented the music of the sacred, the rule, and diplomacy as an art. To choose Gregory is to select the deep stamp of spiritual authority, the patience of the gardeners of the soul.

saint gregory

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Benedict

Fifteen popes, and the name already seems like a prayer: Benedict, the blessed, the call to the peace of the cloisters and the ardour of reform. Benedict XVI, the mild theologian, relies on the shadow of St. Benedict of Norcia, patron saint of Europe, but the name also evokes ancient abbots, guardians of rule and silence.

Leo

Fourteen times, in the long night of history, a pope chose the name Leo. The last one was just a few months ago. It is the roar of the Church that does not fear the powerful, the force that stops the Huns at the gates of Rome, the courage that resists the centuries of iron. Leo is the name of the leaders and peacemakers, of the diplomats and saints, of those who have been able to defy the dragons of history and remain firm.

Leone XIV

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Clement

Fourteen popes have adopted the name Clement, a sweetness cloaked in authority. It is the name of forgiveness, of clemency that loosens knots, that heals conflicts. Clement carries the memory of those who chose the outstretched hand instead of the sword, the word that soothes instead of dividing.

Innocent

Thirteen popes called Innocent: an almost paradoxical name, chosen perhaps as a talisman in a world of guilt and responsibility. The Innocents were sometimes strong as kings, occasionally weak as lambs. Some have marked history with gestures of grandeur and others with heavy shadows, but all have carried on their foreheads the weight of a name that invokes purity and justice.

Pius

Twelve popes have taken the name Pius. A name that smells of devotion, prayer, and fidelity to the roots. The Pius popes were often reformers, frontiersmen, and ferrymen in the most turbulent centuries. Among them, Pius XII, pontiff of the Second World War, and Pius IX, the pope of dogma and exile.

These names —Gregory, Benedict, Leo, Clement, Innocent, Pius —are not just labels on a list, but archetypes.
They are bridges thrown between the earth and the sky, answers to the fear and desire of men to be, at least for an instant, guardians of the mystery and masters of their history. Every time a new pontiff chooses one of these names, he lights a candle in the night and listens to the past, ready to rewrite the future starting from a sacred word.

The names of the first popes in history

At first, it was the beaten earth, the catacombs, and the torches that trembled in the hands of persecuted men and women.
The first popes had no thrones or power: they had short, naked, essential names, like the faith that sustained them: Peter, the fisherman, the rock, the threshold between two worlds. And then Linus, Cletus, Clement: names that look like drops of water collected in the night, kept as relics in the silence.
There was still the custom of changing names: the popes of history, in those centuries, carried their baptismal name with them as a childhood wound, as a promise. The list of popes of the origins is more like an array of brothers than a parade of monarchs: no one would have dared, in the first thousand years, to call himself Peter II. It was too sacred a name, too high a peak.

Basilica of St. Peter. Vatican City

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The rite of name change is a “modern” invention, the daughter of the vertigo of having become more than just men.
The first to make the silent, but revolutionary, gesture of changing his name was John II, who ascended to the papal throne in 533. He was born with a name laden with pagan echoes: Mercury, a name he associated with ancient temples and forgotten deities. But at the moment of the election, she felt the weight of that name on her shoulders and decided to leave it behind like a dress out of time. It was not worthy, he thought, that the pastor of the Christians bore the name of a pagan god: so, he chose John, a pure name, already echoed in the Gospels as an echo of prophecy and promise.
This gesture, born of faith and opportunity, remained an exception for centuries. Only later, at the end of the first millennium, was the practice consolidated. It was with Gregory V (996-999), who bore a barbaric name, Brunone, that changing one’s name became an almost ritual act, a bridge between the human past and the new divine mission.
John II, therefore, was not the first pope to receive a new name, but he was the first to make this choice for reasons deeply linked to the faith and the symbolic meaning that the name carries. From that moment on, every name chosen by the successor of Peter would become not only an identity but a declaration of intent and spiritual vision.

How many popes have there been

How many popes have there been? It sounds like a school record question, but instead it’s an abyss. Along the list of popes, the official one, that of sleepless nights in Vatican palaces, there are two hundred and sixty-six names. But in reality, there are many more, or perhaps many fewer: there are antipopes, ghosts, doubles, false, forgotten.
The succession of popes is a dance of shadows and lights, punctuated by schisms, wars, miracles and betrayals.
There was a time, during the Middle Ages of shattered mirrors, when the world saw three popes fighting each other, as if the Church were a castle besieged by too many suitors. Other times, the throne remained empty, suspended in the void between two pontificates, like a heart that stops beating for an instant.
But the real miracle is continuity: through catastrophes, plagues, burned empires, and rebuilt cities, the popes of history have left a lasting mark. A trail of candles lit in the storm. In this long procession, each name chosen, Leo, Pius, Gregory, Innocent, is a banner planted in the dust of time.
To wonder how many popes there were is, after all, to wonder how many men have dared to carry the weight of heaven on their shoulders. And how many, on the other hand, have only crossed the threshold, leaving their name suspended between memory and oblivion.
Each new name in the list of popes is a word engraved on a marble slab, but also a breath that runs between the naves, a caress on the forehead of history.
Tradition bends, transforms, and renews itself: the popes of history are pilgrims and sentinels, ferrymen of souls in a stormy sea.

balcony conclave vatican

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Names of popes from 1900 to the present

The twentieth century, a fast and terrible century, saw the Church go through storms of fire and ice. The names of the popes from 1900 to the present are mirrors of a changing world, yet also roots that cling stubbornly to the rock.

Leo XIII (1878-1903) was the pontiff who opened the century with a royal name and a vision of reconciliation between faith and modernity. Poet, philosopher, and father of the social doctrine of the Church: With the Rerum Novarum, he introduced the voice of the workers into the prayers of the Vatican.
Then, on the night of the world wars, four names that sound like armour, shields against chaos, parade.
Pius X (1903-1914), Venetian with a clear gaze and the rough voice of the people, was the pope of simplicity, liturgical reforms and First Communion for children. His disarming faith made him a saint among his people, even in the restless times that heralded war.
Benedict XV (1914-1922) was the pope of sorrow and denied peace. During the Great War, he raised his voice against the madness of cannon fire. He was a pontiff of compassion and diplomacy, remembered as the “Blessed One of peace”.
Pius XI (1922-1939), Lombard mountain man, man of rigour and vision. He signed the Lateran Pact, reconnecting the thread between the Italian State and the Church. In a Europe on the brink of the abyss, he was a defender of spiritual freedom against nascent totalitarianisms.
Pius XII (1939-1958), the pope with Roman elegance and a spirit of steel: elected during the Second World War, he went through storms of fire and ambiguity—silent diplomacy and unceasing prayer: a pontificate marked by fear and hope.

Then comes a gentle revolution by John XXIII (1958-1963), the “good pope”. With his disarming smile, he reopened the windows of the Church with the Second Vatican Council, bringing a breath of new air, of dialogue, of mercy. His name, John, shone again after centuries of absence.

After him, Paul VI (1963-1978) takes the pilgrim’s stick and takes it beyond the confines of the ancient world, to the most remote corners of the planet. A restless, refined and solitary traveller, the first pope to travel by plane, he crossed the world to embrace humanity and take the Church outside the walls. He served as a ferryman in times of protest and change.

John Paul I (1978), thirty-three days of white light: the “pope of smiles”. For the first time, two names merged into one, as an embrace between tradition and novelty. His brief pontificate remains a gentle meteor in the history of the popes of Rome.

John Paul II (1978-2005) was the giant who came from the East, an athlete of the spirit and history. He knocked down barriers, travelled everywhere, and changed the very perception of the papacy. His name has become a symbol of hope, freedom, and the fight against fear.

Benedict XVI (2005-2013) was a theologian of meekness, guardian of faith and reason. The first pope in centuries to renounce the throne, he left a trace of depth and humility in an increasingly lost world.

Francis (2013 – 2025) was the gentle revolutionary, the first to bear the name of the poor man of Assisi. He gave voice to the latter and turned the spotlight on universal fraternity, choosing a straightforward, almost prophetic style.

Leo XIV (2025 – ): a story to be written.

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Our Lady of the Snow and the miracle of 5 August

Our Lady of the Snow and the miracle of 5 August

On 5 August in Rome, Our Lady of the Snow is commemorated, marked by a spectacular snowfall on the square of the Papal Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, dedicated to her. This is how the cult was born Our Lady of the Snow and the miracle of…

Episcopal Ring with Amethyst: What Is Its Meaning

Episcopal Ring with Amethyst: What Is Its Meaning

Contents1 The Meaning of the Amethyst in the Episcopal Ring2 The Bishop’s Ring3 The Archbishop’s Ring4 The Cardinal’s Ring Amethyst for Bishops, yellow topaz for Archbishops, sapphire or ruby for Cardinals—the episcopal ring, between symbolism and spirituality. As with every other aspect of religion, the…

Templar Symbols: The history and meaning of these ancient symbols

Templar Symbols: The history and meaning of these ancient symbols

The Order of the Templars no longer exists but remains present in history also thanks to the esoteric Templar symbols linked to it. Let’s find out what they are and what they mean.

Among the various religious chivalric orders linked to the Catholic Church, that of the Templars is one of the best known. Although they no longer exist today, during the Middle Ages the Templars played a fundamental role in the protection of pilgrims who travelled to Jerusalem from the west.

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History of the Templars

The Order was founded in 1120, with the approval of the King of Jerusalem Baldwin II of the militia of the Poor Knights of Christ and the Temple of Solomon. The founders were Hugues de Payns and Goffredo de Saint-Omer. It is thought that the two knights were already part of the Milites Sancti Sepulcri, a Latin name by which the members of the Order of Knights of the Holy Sepulchre were indicated, lay people dedicated to the defence of religious to the care of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem. The Templars obtained papal approval in 1139 with the papal bull Omne datum Optimum. The Order had a clear rule and hierarchy, was characterised by customs and lifestyles, and was involved in some well-known events and battles during the centuries of the Crusades. Their history and dedication to the defence of Christianity are reflected in the Templar symbols that represent them.

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The interior of the Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem

Templar seal

The most recurrent image in the Templar seal depicts two soldiers on horseback, armed with spears and shields. From the symbolic point of view, the two characters represent the universal dualism: the dual coexistence of Christians and Muslims in the Holy Land, the dual identity of the order – the Templars were monks and warriors – and in general the dual nature, corporeal and spiritual, of man. Some interpretations see a knight fighting and one looking over his companion’s shoulder to protect him. The two knights are often traced back to the same founders of the Order, Hugues de Payns and Godfrey of Saint-Omer.

Templar cross

The Templar symbol that is most easily linked to the Order is the red cross. While it is easy to see images of the seal on a Templar ring, the cross characterises the Knights’ clothing and shields. It is also used in the Baucent, the Templars banner. Although it has never been clear what was the “official” shape of the Templar cross – it is depicted as a Greek cross, anchored or gemmed – the red colour is the main feature. It is likely derived from the Cross of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre, the cross of Jerusalem, carried even today by the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre who, unlike the Templars, still exist.

The Wedding of Cana: explanation, miracle and message

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Saint Christopher, the Patron Saint of Pilgrims

Saint Christopher, the Patron Saint of Pilgrims

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Saint James the Apostle: The Story Behind the Saint of the Famous Pilgrimage Route

Saint James the Apostle: The Story Behind the Saint of the Famous Pilgrimage Route

Saint James the Apostle was one of Jesus’ closest disciples. The first of the Apostles to suffer martyrdom, he still guides thousands of pilgrims along the path that bears his name

The brother of the Apostle John and, with him, the first to follow Jesus, Saint James was also the first among the Apostles to die a martyr during the persecution led by Herod Agrippa I. Jesus called him and his brother “Sons of Thunder”, either because of their fiery temperament or because they once asked for a village that refused hospitality to Jesus to be destroyed by fire from heaven (Luke 9:51–56).
What we know for certain is that Saint James was one of Jesus’ closest companions, present at some of the most pivotal moments of His earthly ministry: the Transfiguration, the resurrection of Jairus’ daughter, and Jesus’ final night in Gethsemane.

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Today, he is also remembered for the pilgrimage route named after him, the Camino de Santiago, which has drawn pilgrims from across the centuries to the site of his tomb.

According to legend, after Jesus’ death, Saint James set out to spread His Word and traveled as far as the Iberian Peninsula—far from where he and his companions began their mission. Upon returning to Jerusalem, he was arrested and executed on the orders of King Herod, grandson of Herod Philip the Tetrarch, who had previously ordered the beheading of John the Baptist, James’ former mentor.
Legend has it that a boat guided by an angel brought Saint James’ decapitated body from Judea to the coast of Galicia. His remains were buried in the place where the Cathedral of Santiago (Saint James) de Compostela now stands.

Saint James the Greater: The History

It’s important to note that several figures named James appear in the New Testament. Besides James son of Zebedee, there’s also James son of Alphaeus, known as the Lesser, and James the Just, also known as the brother of the Lord.

Saint James’ story is closely linked to that of his brother John, who was also an Apostle. James and John were the sons of Zebedee and Salome. They were born in Bethsaida, a village in Galilee on the shore of the Sea of Gennesaret, and worked as fishermen from a young age.
Before meeting Jesus, they were disciples of John the Baptist, who ultimately pointed Jesus out to them. James and John thus became Jesus’ first disciples, even before Peter and his brother Andrew. The Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles show that James and John were especially close to Jesus during His public life.
James in particular had a passionate and ambitious character. He believed his closeness to Christ would earn him a privileged role in the Kingdom He would bring to Earth—so much so that he dared to ask Jesus directly. But when Jesus promised they would share in His fate, He was referring to martyrdom—and so it came to pass.

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After returning to Palestine from Spain, James played a key role in the early Christian community in Jerusalem. Along with the Twelve Apostles, he became a foundational figure of the early Church, actively spreading the Gospel in the Holy City. Despite growing hostility toward Christianity and official bans on preaching, James continued to proclaim the Word, entering synagogues and interpreting the prophets.
His powerful oratory, persuasive dialogue, and charismatic presence made him one of the most followed Apostles. However, his fiery preaching and leading role did not go unnoticed. Herod Agrippa I, seeking to appease the religious authorities and curry favor with the Jews, targeted James as a symbol of the nascent Christian faith.

According to tradition, the scribe Josias, tasked with escorting James to his execution, witnessed a miracle: while on the way to the site, a paralyzed man begged James for help and was miraculously healed. Deeply moved, Josias repented and converted to Christianity. As his final wish, James asked for a bowl of water to baptize Josias. Both were then beheaded.

The Link to the Camino de Santiago

The story of Saint James of Compostela begins after Jesus’ death and resurrection, when the Apostle left Judea and traveled to Spain to preach the Gospel. After his martyrdom, his lifeless body was brought back to Spain and buried in a secret location.
Centuries later, a hermit named Pelagius wandering on Mount Liberon arrived at a plateau where starlike lights shimmered. It was a necropolis, and among the tombs was that of Saint James, marked with the inscription: “Here lies Jacobus, son of Zebedee and Salome.”
The site began to be known as Campus Stellae, or “Field of the Star”—hence the name Compostela.

After King Alfonso II of Asturias made a pilgrimage to Compostela in 825 AD, many others followed. The basilica dedicated to the saint began construction in 1075, and Compostela quickly became one of the most important pilgrimage destinations in Christendom.
Since the Middle Ages, the Sanctuary of Saint James in Compostela has been one of the most sought-after pilgrimage sites in Europe.

One of the symbols of the Camino de Santiago is the scallop shell, known as the “Concha de Santiago”. In medieval times, pilgrims would carry a shell collected from the beaches of Finisterre—then believed to be the end of the known world (from the Latin Finis Terrae).
Legend holds that the disciples of Saint James, after losing his remains in a shipwreck, recovered them on that very beach, covered in shells.

Even today, the Camino de Santiago—with its various routes converging on the Spanish city—remains a spiritually meaningful journey. People walk it for religious reasons, as an act of faith, in search of forgiveness and redemption, or to experience personal growth and deeper connection with themselves and others.

The Camino of Saint James in Sicily

The cult of Saint James in Sicily, with its many churches, hospitalia, and Francigena routes, reflects the island’s deep connection to the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. It highlights Saint James’ importance as the protector of pilgrims and a figure of devotion in Sicilian tradition.
The cult of Saint James spread significantly after the Norman conquest in the 12th century. Numerous churches dedicated to the saint were built across the island as evidence of fervent popular devotion.

On July 25, 1090, Count Roger I of Sicily liberated the city of Caltagirone from the Saracens and had a dream in which Saint James appeared to him as a “Matamoros” (Moor-slayer), wielding a sword later called “the sword of Saint James.”
As a result, a church was built in Caltagirone, and Saint James became the city’s patron saint. Seven churches were later established from it, symbolizing seven rays of light.

Other Sicilian towns—such as Palermo, Caccamo, Enna, Piazza Armerina, Syracuse, Ferla, Ragusa, Gela, Vizzini, Mineo, and Augusta—are also home to churches dedicated to Saint James, dating back to the early 14th century.
Many of these had hospitalia, or hostels for pilgrims, managed by knightly orders such as the Templars, Teutonic Knights, and Hospitallers.
These hospitalia, spaced roughly 30 kilometers apart along key medieval routes, provided pilgrims with food, rest, and care before they resumed their journey at dawn.

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Today, the Sicilian Camino of Saint James stretches from the city of Caltagirone to the picturesque mountain town of Capizzi. These two communities are the oldest and most devoted centers of Jacobean tradition on the island, and both preserve important relics of the saint.

The route begins at the ancient Basilica of Saint James in Caltagirone and ends at the Norman-era sanctuary in Capizzi, dating to the 13th century and considered the oldest Jacobean site on the island.
The path spans roughly 130 kilometers, passing through seven towns and showcasing an extraordinary variety of landscapes that change with the seasons.
Travelers encounter rich natural, historical, mystical, and anthropological experiences at every turn. The heart of Sicily reveals its splendor, welcoming pilgrims on a journey of both discovery and introspection.

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How a Pope is Elected: The Role of the Conclave and the Secrets of the Rite

How a Pope is Elected: The Role of the Conclave and the Secrets of the Rite

How a Pope is Elected. History, Tradition and Mystery of an Ancient Rite: the Conclave

When the papal throne becomes vacant, the Catholic Church prepares to experience one of its most solemn and mysterious moments. It is as though time itself slows, suspended in the anticipation of an event rooted in two thousand years of history. The election of a new Pope is not merely a ritual—it is a spiritual pilgrimage that spans centuries, peoples and cultures, remaining faithful to its essence even as times change. But how exactly is a Pope elected?

Rarely as in these days, following the recent passing of Pope Francis—the Pontiff from “the ends of the earth”, who won the hearts of the faithful with the disarming simplicity of his gestures and the gentle power of his words—the Conclave becomes charged with emotion. St Peter’s Square dons a mantle of silence and prayer, while the cardinals gather to discern, through prayer and reflection, who will lead the Church in an era of global challenges and renewed hope.

The election of the Pope has never been a mere administrative act: it is a journey into the very heart of faith, a path that evokes images of candlelit cathedrals, hands joined in prayer and hearts trembling with expectation. But how, in detail, does this ancient yet living rite unfold? On 7 May, the Conclave will officially begin to elect the successor to Francis.

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Who Elects the Pope

In the heart of Christendom, when the successor of Peter vacates his earthly throne, a time of suspension begins, dominated by a ritual both rare and solemn: the Conclave. An ancient event, shrouded in mystery and solemnity, it is renewed every time the cardinals gather in prayer and reflection to choose the new Pope.

The word “Conclave” derives from the Latin cum clave, meaning “with a key”, indicating the locked enclosure in which the cardinals are confined until the new pontiff is chosen. This custom dates back to 1270 in Viterbo, when, after over a year of fruitless debate, the people decided to lock the cardinals in to hasten the election. Since then, the cardinals have met in isolation—today in the Domus Sanctae Marthae—to elect the new Pope within the solemn setting of the Sistine Chapel, beneath Michelangelo’s frescoes.

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At the centre of the electoral process sits the College of Cardinals, the assembly of the so-called “Princes of the Church”. But this has not always been the case. In the early centuries, the Bishop of Rome was chosen by the local clergy and, at times, even by the people, in a communal dimension that reflected the Church’s youth. Only in 1059, with the decree In nomine Domini issued by Pope Nicholas II, was the election of the Pontiff reserved exclusively to the cardinals.

Today, the Pope is elected by members of the College of Cardinals who, as of the start of the Sede Vacante, have not yet reached the age of eighty. This rule, introduced by Paul VI in 1970 and later confirmed by John Paul II, was intended to ensure clarity of mind, vigour and vision. Yet cardinals over eighty are not entirely excluded: they may take part in the preparatory congregations, offering their wisdom and experience.

The maximum number of cardinal electors is set at 120, though this threshold has often been slightly exceeded. More significant, however, is the evolving profile of the College of Cardinals over recent decades: from a predominantly Italian and European body, it has become a true mirror of universal Catholicism. Africa, Asia and Latin America are now well represented—a tangible sign of a Church extending to the frontiers of the world.

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And yet, if one were to ask who can be elected, the answer may surprise. It is not necessary to be a cardinal. Nor a bishop. Nor, in theory, even a priest. One must simply be a man, baptised in the Catholic faith and unmarried. If not already a bishop, the elected candidate must receive episcopal ordination before assuming the papacy. But history, with its gravitational force, has chosen otherwise: since 1378, all Popes have been chosen from among the cardinals. The last non-cardinal was Urban V in 1362; the last non-bishop was Leo X, in 1513, who was ordained only after his election. Since then, practice has overtaken theory—but the possibility remains, a window open to the unpredictability of the Spirit.

The Rules of the Conclave

The Conclave never begins abruptly. There is a period of preparation, both spiritual and practical. Following the Pope’s death or resignation, the Church enters a time of mourning and prayer. Funeral rites are celebrated, and the silence of the Novendiales—nine days dedicated to memory, farewell and spiritual discernment—sets in. It is during this period, laden with signs, that cardinals arrive in Rome from every corner of the world. No earlier than the fifteenth day and no later than the twentieth, the Conclave officially begins.

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At the heart of St Peter’s Basilica, the Mass Pro eligendo Pontifice is celebrated. It is the last moment the cardinals are among the people before the world closes behind the carved doors of the Sistine Chapel. That afternoon, to the ancient hymn Veni Creator Spiritus, they process from the Pauline Chapel—a procession of scarlet robes, but also of consciences journeying towards a choice not merely of this world.

Once inside the Sistine Chapel, each cardinal takes an oath. The words are solemn, the atmosphere hushed. Then the Master of the Papal Liturgical Celebrations pronounces the command “Extra omnes”—“Everyone out”—and the doors close. From that moment, what occurs within remains sealed in a silence no time can break.

The cardinals reside at the Domus Sanctae Marthae, a place designed for simplicity and reflection, far removed from the grand chambers of former times. All contact with the outside world is cut off. No phones, no computers, no messages may breach the Conclave’s walls. The premises are thoroughly checked, all communication devices banned, and any breach punished with excommunication. Doctors, nurses, confessors, technicians—everyone without exception swears to guard the secret, like sentinels of a mystery greater than themselves.

Voting follows a ritual of ancient origin, unchanged in its essential form. Four ballots per day: two in the morning, two in the afternoon. At each session, every cardinal receives a rectangular ballot. At the top is the Latin formula Eligo in Summum Pontificem—“I elect as Supreme Pontiff”—and below, the name of the chosen candidate is written in disguised handwriting to preserve anonymity.

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One by one, in order of precedence, the cardinals rise. Holding the ballot between thumb and forefinger, visible to all—a gesture of transparency and responsibility—they proceed to the altar. There, they pronounce the oath: Testor Christum Dominum…—“I call as my witness Christ the Lord, who will be my judge, that my vote is given to the one whom, before God, I believe should be elected.” They then place the ballot on a plate, which is tilted over the urn so it may fall in—a gesture of obedience and trust.

Once all have voted, the scrutiny begins. Ballots are mixed, counted, and read aloud one by one. The names, spoken in the still air of the Sistine Chapel, echo with gravity. The scrutineers record them, threading each to prevent loss. Finally, the revisers check every count, every mark. It is a mathematics of the spirit, where each vote weighs like a grain of eternity.

The required majority is two-thirds: for a Pope cannot be the outcome of a faction, but the shared expression of a people united in prayer and hope. And if the Spirit remains silent, the process resumes. They wait. They persevere. Until a name emerges, clear, like light through mist. And then—only then—the white smoke is prepared.

Black Smoke or White

At the end of each scrutiny, the ballots are burned in a special stove. The smoke rising from the chimney of the Sistine Chapel signals the outcome: black if no decision has been reached; white if a new Pope has been elected. Outside, in St Peter’s Square, thousands of eyes scan the chimney in anxious anticipation. From there rises the signal that announces the result of each vote: black smoke, symbol of uncertainty, or white smoke, sign that a new successor to Peter has been chosen.

Over the centuries, the method of producing the smoke has been refined. Once, the ballots alone were burnt; today, special chemical mixtures ensure an unmistakable colour. A combination of lactose, potassium chlorate and colophony creates white smoke; anthracene and sulphur ensure black. Since 2005, to eliminate any possible ambiguity, the white smoke is also accompanied by the joyful ringing of St Peter’s Basilica’s bells.

The crowd, gathered under Rome’s sky, holds its breath. Every wisp of smoke is anxiously watched, each hesitation analysed, each shift of wind interpreted as an omen. Then, at last, the white smoke emerges boldly—a roar of joy bursts forth in the square, the bells peal their festive music, and the whole world knows that a new Pope has been elected.

Habemus Papam

Once the necessary majority is reached, the Dean of the College of Cardinals approaches the chosen candidate and asks the ritual question: “Do you accept your canonical election as Supreme Pontiff?” If the candidate accepts, he becomes Pope immediately. He is then asked what name he wishes to take, thereby opening a new chapter in the Church’s history.

The new Pontiff is then led to the Room of Tears, a small space adjacent to the Sistine Chapel, where, filled with emotion, he dons the white cassock prepared in three sizes. In that brief, intense moment, he embraces the responsibility of guiding over a billion faithful across the globe. It is not uncommon for tears to fall in that room—the weight of the Petrine office descends all at once: joy, fear, the immense call to serve.

When all is ready, the Cardinal Protodeacon steps onto the Loggia of the Blessings and pronounces the long-awaited words: “Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum: Habemus Papam!” He follows with the name of the new Pontiff and the name he has chosen for his ministry.

The new Pope then appears before the faithful gathered in St Peter’s Square, offers his first greeting—often simple and full of humility—and bestows the Urbi et Orbi blessing, to the city and to the world. With that gesture, he publicly assumes the mission entrusted to him: to be spiritual guide, universal pastor, and living sign of the continuity of the Catholic Church.

Thus, as the echo of bells resounds among domes and piazzas, a new chapter begins in the Church’s story—suspended between the ancient and the new, between fidelity to tradition and the challenges of a world in constant transformation.

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