{"id":389,"date":"2017-06-01T16:33:36","date_gmt":"2017-06-01T14:33:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.holyart.it\/fr\/?p=389"},"modified":"2017-06-27T16:34:09","modified_gmt":"2017-06-27T14:34:09","slug":"naissance-evolution-confreries-de-lepoque-romaine-a-nos-jours","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.holyart.it\/fr\/monasteres\/naissance-evolution-confreries-de-lepoque-romaine-a-nos-jours\/","title":{"rendered":"Naissance et \u00e9volution des confr\u00e9ries : de l\u2019\u00e9poque romaine \u00e0 nos jours"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les confr\u00e9ries<\/strong> sont des associations de chr\u00e9tiens la\u00efcs qui choisissent de se r\u00e9unir afin de promouvoir l\u2019agr\u00e9gation, augmenter la d\u00e9votion, le culte et accomplir des \u0153uvres de charit\u00e9, de p\u00e9nitence et de cat\u00e9ch\u00e8se. Elles existent depuis les origines du christianisme, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque romaine, et il est probable que les premi\u00e8res confr\u00e9ries se r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e8rent \u00e0 des institutions la\u00efques d\u00e9j\u00e0 existantes, comme les \u00ab\u00a0collegia\u00a0\u00bb romains ou les confr\u00e9ries grecques.<\/p>\n

Au cours des si\u00e8cles elles ont endoss\u00e9 diff\u00e9rentes d\u00e9nominations de r\u00e9gion en r\u00e9gion, de \u00ab\u00a0confraternitas\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0caritas\u00a0\u00bb, de \u00ab\u00a0consortia\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0sodalitium\u00a0\u00bb, de \u00ab\u00a0guilde\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0schola\u00a0\u00bb, ou encore \u00ab\u00a0compagni\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0congr\u00e9gation\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0cercle\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Au-del\u00e0 du nom, en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral les confr\u00e9ries naissent dans le domaine de l\u2019\u00c9glise. L\u2019Autorit\u00e9 eccl\u00e9siastique seule peut en reconna\u00eetre la validit\u00e9 et modifier le statut et tout ce \u00e0 quoi elles font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence.<\/p>\n

Les membres d\u2019une confr\u00e9rie maintiennent leur statut de la\u00efc, \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence des premi\u00e8res confr\u00e9ries, auxquelles seul le clerg\u00e9 pouvait prendre part. Ils ne doivent pas prononcer leurs v\u0153ux, et ils peuvent continuer normalement leur vie personnelle, de famille et de travail.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9es en tant que communaut\u00e9s de pri\u00e8re, de lecture commune des \u00e9critures<\/strong>, mais aussi l\u2019assistance aux infirmes et aux pauvres, aux orphelins et aux \u00e9trangers<\/strong>, les confr\u00e9ries m\u00e9di\u00e9vales pratiquaient souvent l\u2019auto-flagellation et d\u2019autres formes de p\u00e9nitence corporelles comme invocation de la mis\u00e9ricorde divine. Un exemple pour tous les \u00ab\u00a0disciplinati\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0battuti\u00a0\u00bb (les flagellants), qui au XI si\u00e8cle d\u00e9filaient en procession en se flagellant pour comm\u00e9morer la Passion de Christ.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 partir du XVI si\u00e8cle, la tendance des confr\u00e9ries se concentra davantage sur la pratique de la charit\u00e9<\/strong> avec la fondation d\u2019h\u00f4pitaux et d\u2019hospices<\/strong> et sur la pratique d\u00e9votionnelle commune. Citons en particuliers les \u00ab\u00a0Blancs\u00a0\u00bb, habill\u00e9s avec un habit \u00e0 capuche en lin candide avec une croix rouge sur la poitrine.<\/p>\n

Parmi les m\u00e9rites des confr\u00e9ries, nous rappelons la sauvegarde d\u2019une bonne partie du patrimoine artistique et culturel de l\u2019\u00e9glise, des \u0153uvres et des documents pr\u00e9serv\u00e9s dans leurs archives, comme les \u00ab\u00a0Sept \u0152uvres de mis\u00e9ricorde\u00a0\u00bb du Caravage pour l\u2019\u00c9glise au Pio Monte della Misericordia de Naples et le \u00ab\u00a0Stabat Mater\u00a0\u00bb de Pergolesi ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 pour l\u2019Arciconfraternita dei Cavalieri della Vergine dei Sette Dolori de Naples.<\/p>\n

Importante fut aussi la contribution des confr\u00e9ries contre la diffusion du protestantisme en Italie et dans la lutte aux h\u00e9r\u00e9sies. Encore aujourd\u2019hui elles recouvrent un r\u00f4le fondamentale pour la vie des chr\u00e9tiens la\u00efcs, unis dans la volont\u00e9 d\u2019affronter ensemble petits et grands soucis. Des traditions du pass\u00e9 restent les couleurs de l\u2019habit que les confr\u00e8res portent et les m\u00e9dailles des confr\u00e9ries<\/a><\/strong><\/span> qui reportent l\u2019effigie du groupe d\u2019appartenance.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les confr\u00e9ries sont des associations de chr\u00e9tiens la\u00efcs qui choisissent de se r\u00e9unir afin de promouvoir l\u2019agr\u00e9gation, augmenter la d\u00e9votion, le culte et accomplir des \u0153uvres de charit\u00e9, de p\u00e9nitence et de cat\u00e9ch\u00e8se. Elles existent depuis les origines du christianisme, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque romaine, et il…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":390,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monasteres"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNaissance et \u00e9volution des confr\u00e9ries - Holyblog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les confr\u00e9ries sont des associations de chr\u00e9tiens la\u00efcs qui choisissent de se r\u00e9unir afin de promouvoir l\u2019agr\u00e9gation et accomplir des \u0153uvres de charit\u00e9\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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